A heat wave is a climate phenomenon that forces a region to experience high temperatures for a certain period of time. The main consequences of this are reflected in the health of people and animals, who are at risk of dehydration and heatstroke, and in vegetation, where there is an increased risk of fire and drought. Below, check out more information about the heat wave and meteorological details that explain why it occurs.
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What is a heat wave and how does it occur?
A heat wave is an intense climate change to which a region is subjected. During this process, the average temperature of the location is exceeded and is much higher than expected, which results in a very high thermal sensation.
When it occurs, the temperature in the area becomes so high that an almost unbearable heat sets in. Among the main consequences of a strong heat wave are droughts in agricultural regions, forest fires, and greater risks of dehydration and heatstroke among the population. The latter happen because the body, if not well hydrated, may have problems cooling itself, which makes it more susceptible to high temperatures. Children, the elderly and animals tend to suffer most during a heat wave.
There are many reasons behind this phenomenon, and some human actions even increase the thermal sensation (as is the case with pollution). In general, when air humidity drops significantly and it becomes drier, heat increases: this occurs because the circulation of winds high in the atmosphere acts in such a way that it blocks the advance of cold fronts. If these cold fronts, which make the air more humid, are blocked and do not spread across the continent, the air becomes drier and the heat increases.
Heat waves persist for at least five days at a time and can last for several weeks at a time. To deal with the heat wave, it is essential to stay well hydrated throughout the day, stay in air-conditioned or more ventilated environments, avoid sun exposure (especially those who do not like to use sunscreen), and avoid any intense activity (such as physical exercise) during the hottest periods of the day.
