Brazil is experiencing an outbreak of herpes zoster and a vaccine costing more than R$1,000 is not offered by the SUS

Data released by DATASUS reveal a worrying increase in cases of herpes zoster in Brazil. Last year, 127,000 Brazilians were diagnosed with the disease, a frightening increase of 568% compared to the 19,000 cases recorded in 2022. In the first two months of this year, the virus affected 27,000 people, tripling the number of cases compared to with 9 thousand registered in the same period of 2023.

Despite these alarming numbers, none of the available vaccines against herpes zoster are included in the National Immunization Program (PNI) of the Unified Health System (SUS), making complete immunization accessible only on the private market, with a cost that can reach R $1,700.

According to information from the Ministry of Health, herpes zoster, which is caused by the same virus as chickenpox, presents itself through blisters that itch and burn, commonly known as “shingles”, generally appearing on the trunk, arms, legs or, in cases rarer, in the ears. Intense pain tends to be localized and can cause serious complications, such as facial paralysis, as was the case of Senator Damares Alves (Republicanos-DF), who faced facial paralysis due to a relapse caused by the virus last year and arrived to be admitted to Brasília.

“The eyes and brain are preferred organs for the virus to remain replicating for a long time without causing any fuss,” explained ophthalmologist Leôncio Queiroz. Eye problems occur in one in four cases, and strict medical monitoring is essential to prevent serious complications.

Experts point to the aging of the population as one of the main reasons for the outbreak of the disease in the country, since people over 50 who have not been vaccinated against chickenpox are more likely to develop viral reactivation. Furthermore, factors such as stress, viral infections, old age, chronic diseases such as diabetes and the use of certain medications can contribute to the activation of the virus.

Treatment for shingles varies depending on the severity of the case and may include topical antivirals, corticosteroids, and analgesics to relieve the pain associated with optic neuritis. It is essential to follow medical instructions, have follow-up appointments and keep the affected area clean to avoid complications.

Project to include the vaccine in the SUS

A project that aims to include the herpes zoster vaccine in the SUS national immunization calendar has been in progress in the Chamber of Deputies since September 2022.

The project will be analyzed by the Social Security and Family Commissions; Finance and Taxation; and Constitution and Justice and Citizenship, before proceeding to the Federal Senate. The approval of this project could be an important step in the prevention and control of this viral disease.

Source: Guia Muriaé, with information from R7