The poverty and extreme poverty rate in Amazonas remained above the national average in 2023, according to a study by the Jones dos Santos Neves Institute (IJSN). The study showed that poverty and extreme poverty rates in Brazil fell in 2023 to the lowest levels in a historical series that began in 2012 (27.5% and 4.4%, respectively).
According to the body, linked to the Government of Espírito Santo, the reduction in indicators was widespread across different regions of the country. While the poverty rate fell in 26 of the 27 units of the Federation last year, the extreme poverty rate fell in 25 states, the survey indicates.
The poverty rate in Amazonas fell to 45.8%, remaining above the national average of 27.5%, placing the State in 9th place among those with the highest rates. The extreme poverty rate in the State fell to 6.9%, above the national average of 4.4%. Amazonas ranked 11th among the federation units with the highest rates.
The IJSN analysis was produced based on data from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (Pnad Contínua): Income from All Sources 2023. The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) released the Pnad on Friday (19/ 04).
On average in Brazil, the poverty rate fell from 31.6% in 2022 to 27.5% in 2023, the lowest level in the series started in 2012. The reduction was around 4.2 percentage points.
In absolute terms, the population considered poor decreased from 67.8 million in 2022 to 59.2 million in 2023. The drop was 8.6 million, a number similar to the entire population of a state like Ceará (8.8 million) .
Among the 26 units of the Federation with a drop in the poverty rate, Amapá recorded the largest reduction. The local indicator fell 14.8 percentage points, from 47.8% in 2022 to 33% in 2023. Roraima (-9.5 percentage points) and Amazonas (-9.3 percentage points) followed the biggest drops in percentage points.
According to the IJSN, the only state with a positive change in the poverty rate was Acre (0.4 percentage points). The local indicator went from 51.1% in 2022 to 51.5% in 2023. This means that more than half of Acre’s population was considered poor. The other state with a rate above 50% was Maranhão. The indicator dropped from 56.8% in 2022 to 51.6% in 2023, an approximate reduction of 5.1 percentage points. Despite the drop, Maranhão continued to have the highest poverty rate in Brazil (51.6%), followed by Acre (51.5%).
On the other hand, the lowest percentages in 2023 were recorded in Santa Catarina (11.6%) and Rio Grande do Sul (14.4%). In São Paulo, the most populous state in the country, the indicator was 16.5%.
The director-president of IJSN, Pablo Lira, associates the reduction of poverty in the country with a combination of factors: job creation, improved income from work, expansion of the Bolsa Família program and the granting of other social benefits by states are part of this list , according to the researcher.
“As much as we are reducing poverty in the country, there is still the challenge of being able to reduce regional inequalities”, says Lira, citing the greater difficulties in states in the North and Northeast.
The study uses poverty and extreme poverty lines from the World Bank. The references are US$6.85 per capita (per person) per day and US$2.15 per capita per day, respectively. The data was converted using PPP (Purchasing Power Parity) criteria. Thus, the monthly values of the poverty and extreme poverty lines were R$664.02 and R$208.42. People who lived on amounts lower than these were considered poor or extremely poor.
In absolute terms, the population considered extremely poor decreased from 12.7 million in 2022 to 9.5 million in 2023. The drop was 3.1 million, a number similar to the entire population of Alagoas (3.1 million).
In percentage points, the northeastern state had the biggest drop in the extreme poverty rate among the 25 in the country with a reduction in 2023. The Alagoas indicator fell 4.3 percentage points, going from 13.2% to 8.8%. Amapá (-3.9 percentage points) and Paraíba (-3.7 percentage points) followed the biggest drops last year.
According to the IJSN, the only places with positive variations in extreme poverty rates were Rondônia (0.3 percentage points) and the Federal District (0.2 percentage points). The highest indicators were recorded by the study in Acre (13.2%), Maranhão (12.2%) and Ceará (9.4%).
On the other hand, Rio Grande do Sul (1.3%), Goiás (1.3%) and Santa Catarina (1.4%) recorded the lowest rates of extreme poverty in 2023. In São Paulo, the percentage was 2 ,two%.
Poverty in Amazonas has reached the highest proportion in the last 10 years, points out FGV
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Tags: Amazonas maintains poverty extreme poverty rates national average points institute
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