The first time that a test for the National High School Examination (Enem) had colored pages, the themes of the questions dealt with issues relevant to the human sciences and languages axis.
For Claudio Hansen, from Descomplica, the central theme of this first day was the woman and her role in society. According to him, several questions in the test discussed the topic, addressing violence, the Maria da Penha Law and insertion in the job market, for example.
Rodrigo Magalhães, geography teacher at Colégio e Curso AZ, remembers that there was also a question about revisionism of racist terms, with the context of a chant by Fluminense fans directed at Flamengo fans, who spoke of “filthy mulambo”.
The word mulambo is a term of Angolan origin, which means rags, and is usually used in a negative sense to indicate a person who is poorly groomed.
“The most common use of the expression mulambo can be considered racist, as it was widely exploited both during slavery and post-slavery”, he explained to g1 the doctor in linguistics and author of the book Racismo linguistics Gabriel Nascimento (read more about the term in the g1 MG report). He commented that the term is used to point out that black people do not look well-groomed.
List of topics that fell in Enem 2023
According to teachers interviewed by the g1, the test on the first day had a balanced level of difficulty, with questions of easy, medium and difficult complexity. Among the topics covered in the questions are:
- Caetano Veloso, with the song “Alegria, joy”;
- Paulo Freire and the pedagogy of autonomy;
- screen by Lasar Segall;
- appreciation of indigenous identity;
- machismo (with the character from “The Jetsons” being the victim of a prejudiced joke);
- ageing population;
- history of Palestine;
- migration of Jews to Brazil;
- dance show in which women appeared without their tops on;
- excerpts from writers Itamar Vieira Junior, Conceição Evaristo, Olavo Bilac and Machado de Assis;
- military dictatorship in Brazil and censorship imposed during the period;
- climate change and global warming;
- Olympic Games;
- gender and racial violence;
- French Revolution;
- the importance of electronic sports.
- Essay topic: “Challenges for tackling the invisibility of care work carried out by women in Brazil”.
The Language test, according to Rafael Cunha, a teacher at Descomplica, had more interpretative questions than grammatical knowledge.
According to Luciane Bernardi, Portuguese language teacher at Cursinho da Poli, the writers who appeared in the language test were predominantly classics, with an emphasis on contemporary writers.
Essay theme: women’s invisible work
The theme of the essay for the National High School Examination (Enem) 2023 is: “Challenges for tackling the invisibility of care work carried out by women in Brazil”.
In the evaluation of teachers interviewed by the g1the topic is the “face” of Enem for dealing with a relevant social problem and requiring a good intervention proposal.
“The student needs to look for the relationship of causes and consequences, mainly because the topic talks about challenges. It is necessary to think, then, about the causes that lead to the invisibility of this work”, says Daniella Toffoli, languages coordinator of the Anglo Course.
The Anglo teacher also comments that:
- “the woman who takes care of children and parents is not valued”;
- “overload with work outside and at home, in general, is not recognized by society”;
- “double shifts and social demands are naturalized, that is, they are seen as normal”.
- 45 language questions (40 in Portuguese and 5 in English or Spanish);
- 45 human science questions; It is
- essay.
- 45 math questions; It is
- 45 natural science questions.
⌚ See the application times (in the Brasília time zone):
- Opening of the gates: 12pm
- Closing the gates: 1pm
- Start of the tests: 1:30 p.m.
- End of the tests on the 1st day: 7pm
- End of the tests on the 2nd day: 6:30 p.m.
The candidate will only be able to leave with the Question Booklet in the last 30 minutes.
